Diagram Of The Ocean Floor
Ocean Floor Powerpoint Template
Creative PowerPoint templates for the ocean floor diagram provide predefined labels to briefly describe the physical features of the ocean surface. These animated PowerPoint presentation templates with zoom effect allow the audience to focus on fractions of the ocean floor diagram. Along with diagram labels, the ocean floor PowerPoint templates also include icons to present information in bullet points. Blank Water Diagram PowerPoint Backgrounds for Ocean Surface in Editable PowerPoint Templates allows users to format and customize the slides to suit their PowerPoint themes.Physical Geology
Important features are the vast continental shelves less than 250 m deep (pink); the vast deep ocean plains between 4,000 and 6,000 m depth (light blue and dark blue); the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, in many areas less than 3,000 m deep; and the deep ocean trench north of Puerto Rico (8,600 m). The bottom of the Pacific, like those of other oceans, is actually very flat, even in areas of seamounts or deep trenches. The main features of the Pacific Ocean floor are continental slopes, which drop from about 200 m to several thousand meters over a distance of a few hundred kilometres; abyssal plains — extremely flat and 4,000 m to 6,000 m deep; seamounts and volcanic islands; and trenches in subduction zones down to 11,000 m depth. The ocean floor rests almost entirely on mafic oceanic crust (primarily basalt and gabbro, as described in more detail below), while the continental slopes rest on felsic continental crust (primarily granitic and sedimentary rocks). Continental shelves are generally less than 200 m deep; 200 m is also the limit of the photic zone, the maximum depth at which enough light penetrates to allow photosynthesis. The mesopelagic zone extends from 200 m to 1,000 m; the bathypelagic zone from 1,000 m to 4,000 m; and the abyssalpelagic zone is deeper than 4,000 m. (Pelagic refers to the open ocean and therefore excludes areas near the coasts or the ocean floor.) The deepest parts of the ocean are in subduction trenches, and the deepest of them it is the Mariana Trench in the southwest Pacific (near Guam) at 11,000 m (Figure 18.5).# Video | Diagram Of The Ocean Floor
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Diagram Of The Ocean Floor Labeled
Introduction To Oceanography
These measurements were first made by means of soundings, where a weighted line (plumb line) was left in the hand until it touched the bottom, and the depth could be recorded from the line length (Figure 1.4.1). It could also be error-prone; in deep water it could be difficult to determine when the weight hits bottom as the weight of the line itself could cause the line to sink and currents could deflect the line from vertical thus overestimating the depth. In 1802, British clockmaker Edward Massey invented a mechanical device that was attached to the sounding line; when the device sank, a rotor turned a dial which locked in place when the line touched bottom (Figure 1.4.2). The cannonball was jettisoned to the side and plummeted downward; by timing the sink rate (the rate at which the string unwound) and noting when the rate changed when the cannonball hit bottom, the depth of the water could be calculated. When it hit bottom, the cannonball was released and the line could be pulled up, bringing with it a sample of mud in the iron bar that held the cannonball, confirming that bottom had been reached. . This led to the development of sonar (SOund Navigation And Ranging) technology, which was soon applied to bathymetric mapping. Since the return echo has traveled the bottom and back, the water depth is half the return time of an echo multiplied by the speed of sound in the water (Figure 1.4.3):depth=1/2*(round trip travel time)*(speed of sound in water)
Echo sounders allowed rapid and continuous recording of the bathymetry below a moving ship. Today, high-resolution seabed maps are made using multibeam or side-scan sonar, either from a ship or from a towed transmitter (Fig. seabed scale is also achieved by satellites (originally SEASAT, then GEOSAT, Jason Satellites) which use radio waves to measure the height of the sea surface (radar altimetry).The satellites emit radio waves and, like an echo sounder, can use the return waves to detect sea surface height differences of up to 3-6 cm (Figure 1.4.5).
Diagram Of The Ocean Floor Features
Ocean Floor Variations
The continental shelfThe term "continental shelf" is generally used by geologists to refer to the part of the continental margin between the shoreline and the shelf break.
A continental shelf is the edge of a continent that lies beneath the ocean
It extends from the coastline of a continent to a drop point called the shelf break
The definition of the continental shelf and the criteria by which a coastal state can establish the outer limits of its continental shelf are set out in article 76 of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea.
The continental margin includes the seabed and subsoil of the shelf, the slope and the rise
Ocean currents and river runoff bring nutrients to organisms that live on continental shelves
Plants and algae make continental shelves rich feeding grounds for sea creatures
The shallow water above the shelf allows sunlight to penetrate through the water to the bottom and promotes the growth of microscopic plants and animals called plankton, which are food for fish.
promotes the growth of microscopic plants and animals called plankton. The waters along the continental shelf are generally productive, both from light and nutrients from
Huge sedimentary deposits long received by the continental shelves, prove to be the source of fossil fuels
2. The continental slope
It is the maritime boundary of the continental shelf
About 8.5% of the ocean floor is covered by the continental slope elevation system
This system is an expression of the edge of the continental crustal block. Beyond the shelf-shelf slope break, the continental crust thins rapidly and the rise rests partly on continental crust and partly on deep-sea oceanic crust
They have very few sediment deposits on them due to their slope
Compared to the continental shelf, marine life is also very less
Canyons and trenches are visible in this area
The belt at the base of the continental slope which includes sedimentary deposits, is known as the Continental Rise
3. Abyssal Plains
Continuing your journey through the ocean basin, you would descend the steep continental slope to the abyssal plain
This covers about 70% of the ocean floor
The abyssal plains are the largest habitat on earth
These deep, dark ecosystems are less productive than those on the continental shelf. It's because the sunlight doesn't pass through it.
The name may suggest it's simple, but in fact they are not uniformly flat
These are interrupted undersea mountains that are also biodiversity hotspots
They cover a large part of the seabed between the depths of 3000m to 6000m
"Silts", sediments formed from the remains of living things, can be found on the floor of the Abyssal Plain
The soil of the abyssal plains also includes red clay sediments of volcanic origin and usually brought by the wind.
Two types of landforms can be found on the abyssal plains. ocean trenches
After climbing the mid-ocean ridge and traversing hundreds to thousands of miles of abyssal plains, come the ocean trenches
These are long, narrow depressions on the seabed
are found in every ocean basin on the planet, although the deepest ocean trenches surround the Pacific as part of what is known as the "Ring of Fire" which also includes active volcanoes and seismic zones
They are also known as underwater trenches
The Mariana Trench in the Pacific Ocean is the deepest known part of the world
The Pacific Ocean has the largest number of ocean trenches in the world
To get the NCERT ratings on Ocean Floor Division, aspirants can visit the linked article. Below are the main types of minor ocean floor landforms:
Trenches
Canyons
ridges
Hills
sleeping
Rupture area
Atoll
Island arcs
Coral reefs
sea scarves
submerged volcanoes
To read each one in detail, applicants can visit the Minor Ocean Floor Relief page.
Picture Of The Ocean Floor
Into The Deep: Photos Of Incredible Creatures From The Ocean’S Depths
In collaboration with the Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute (MBARI), the Monterey Bay Aquarium has taken a look at some of the most interesting creatures that inhabit the dark depths of the ocean. A look at some of the residents of the oceanBelow is a series of photos of some of these incredible creatures, courtesy of the Monterey Bay Aquarium. Deep Sea Bioluminescence
MBARI, which operates separately but in coordination with the Aquarium, released a video on bioluminescence and why animals create their own light. Titled 'Into the Deep', the exhibit will take visitors through multiple levels of the ocean, starting with the surface waters which are filled with sunlight to the seabed where giant crabs, worm-eating of bones and giant isopods make their homes. near hydrothermal vents.
# Images | Diagram Of The Ocean Floor - Ocean Floor Diagram 5Th Grade
Picture Of The Ocean Floor Labeled - Into the Deep: Photos of Incredible Creatures from the Ocean’s Depths
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Ocean Floor Features - Ocean Floor Map
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